Top 100 Hospital

What makes a top 100 Hospital http://www. resource4pharmacymalpractice. com/negligence. html http://www. ccohs. ca/oshanswers/legisl/msdss. html#_1_1 What makes a top 100 Hospital Toi Lynn Santamaria DeVry University HSM310 online Professor Tammy Cagle What makes a top 100 Hospital The Cleveland Clinic is in the top 20 of the top 100 Hospitals. Its official rank is 4th. The Cleveland Clinic is celebrating 90 years of excellent service. It opened its doors February 28th 1921. It was founded by four Doctors, Dr. George Crile, Dr. Frank Bunts. Dr. William Lower and Dr. John Phillips.Back in 1921 it was the first hospital of its kind, a not-for-profit group practice dedicated to patient care enhanced by research and education. (http://myclevelandclinic. org/90th-anniversary. aspx). The Hospital was built with all the latest equipment available at that time. The Cleveland Clinic quickly outgrew its building having more added in the years to come. The Cleveland Clinic has accomplished many medical first. The Worlds first cine-coronary angiography, the first published coronary artery bypass surgery, first successful larynx transplant and the first near total face transplant. (http://myclevelandclinic. rg/90th-anniversary. aspx). Tragedy was also a part of the past for the Cleveland Clinic. On May 15, 1929 over 120 people died from an explosion of x-ray film stored in the basement. One of the founders, John Phillips also died from the fumes . Frank Bunts had died suddenly years earlier. The hospital was in a state of ruin. But the two remaining founders Dr. Crile and Dr. Lower used their personal assets to rebuild the Cleveland clinic. Today it has over 37,000 employees, 16 health centers and 9 regional hospitals. 4 locations, one in Cleveland , Florida, Nevada and Canada with another opening in 2013 in Abu Dhabi.They are dedicated to their patients. They provide community outreach and wellness programs. They are a teaching hospital through the Lerner research institut e college. They have people from all over the world going to them for care. From the rich and famous to the ordinary person. They provide health and wellness podcasts and online health chats. I feel the Cleveland Clinic is one of the top 100 Hospitals for many reasons. For one it has stood the test of time being in service for 90 years. They have 16 specialties and 26 institutes. They are on the leading edge of technology and a leader in medical breakthroughs.They give back to their community. They are connected through an intricate system through the internet. Medical records can be seen online as well as appointments can be set up via the internet. They continue to do research to help fight diseases. They are a world leader in heart care. They attract the brightest minds to come work for them. They are not as interested in profits as they are in the quality of care they give to each patient. They also care for their employees from the Doctors to the janitors. It’s a great p lace to work built on an excellent reputation of care.Thousands of lives have been saved. They are one of the largest hospital in the world. They are ranked within the top 22 in 16 other specialties in the United States. If I had some illness be it heart disease or cancer I would love to be treated at this hospital. I believe I would have a better outcome and personal care that is out of this world. The four founders would be proud of what the Cleveland Clinic has grown to be. References The Cleveland Clinic website retrieved on November 20,2011 from http://my. clevelandclinic. org/90th-anniversary. aspx

Turning Points in History

A turning point is a point at which a significant change occurs that can have serious effects on the world. There are negative turning points, which effect the world in a negative way, and there are positive one's where beneficial things will come out of the change. Many turning points have occurred during history. Two examples of turning points in history are the bubonic plague in Europe and northern Africa where many died of a fatal disease, and Humanism that occurred in Europe where people valued the individual needs of the person over traditional authority. Both of these events were times of great change and effected the world on a large scale. The Black Death, also known as the Black Plague or the Bubonic Plague killed one third of the population of Europe during its reign in the 13th and 14th centuries. The arrival of this plague set the scene for years of strife and heroism. Leaving the social and economic aspect in a standstill. The phantom of death became a subject of art, music and folklore and it influenced the consciousness of the people. The impact of this mass killer caused enormous chaos and havoc to the medieval society because of its unknown origin, the unknown causes and prevention†s, its deathly symptoms and its breakdown of orderly life. As a result religion was greatly affected and changed. This event can be known as a turning point because it effected the people of the world by killing off a massive number of people during the 13 and 14th centuries. The black or bubonic plague can also be known as a turning point because it helped bring about physicians. Most explanations about the plague were based on folklore, superstition, and rumor. Blame was frequently placed on travelers and other suspicious outsiders but after careful study people now truly understood that the plague was natural and caused by such things as an infected flea and not supernatural occurrences. Now that people learned that disease and sickness can be cured only by medical means and not by supernatural occurrences, the medical industry grew and people could now be cured if they were sick. Another turning point in history is humanism during the Renaissance, which is a way of life centered on human interests or values. Humanism is a time that rejected supernaturalism and stressed an individual's dignity and worth and capacity for self-realization through reason. Humanism helped make people think for themselves and helped bring out people's differences. Humanism is or is one of the most important turning points in history. During humanism people sought better lives and sought to expand their education to understand why things happened the way they did. The Renaissance was an incredibly important turning point in Western Intellectual and Cultural Tradition. The major political changes of the Renaissance were from the old Feudal System of the Middle Ages into a more flexible and liberal class system. The great changes in Education of the Renaissance were inspired at first, by the desire of Humanists to be wise and to speak eloquently. The idea of useful education for people was part of the new defined goals of Renaissance education. People began seriously questioning what philosophers said and re-developed the Scientific Theory, in which one didn't just accept whatever was said, but tested the truth of it. Due to advanced technology artists could also now take advantage of new techniques, such as oil painting to enhance the quality of their works. It is shown the Renaissance was to great extent a major turning point in history from the Middle Ages in just about every element of the Society. The Renaissance has become the original roots of culture from the West. This was the time when people questioned the past, and decided to go back to school. In conclusion, It is shown that both of these events described are turning points and were very significant back when they occurred and now. Although many important events do occur in history, turning points don't occur all that often, and when they do they impact the world on a large scale. It has also been shown that a turning point can have positive and negative effects on history. As seen in the bubonic plague. Although many died terrible deaths the medical industry greatly expanded and now doctors were able to cure diseases. It is also shown that humanism taught people to think for themselves and question traditional authority. It also motivated the individual to learn, and become more educated. Both of these events have changed the modern and ancient world drastically.

Corporate Social Responsibilities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Corporate Social Responsibilities - Essay Example Through a commitment to CSR, organisations play a role in solving economic, social and environmental problems. On the other hand, the internal forces that can contribute to CRS include pressure from shareholders and employees (Alessia et al. 2009). While, external forces contributing to CRS in organisations include consumer demand, government policies, technological advancement and social activism. In the contemporary business environment, the reputation or image of firms depends on the disclosure of their activities to the public. In this regard, CSR reports made available to the public allows internal and external stakeholders to examine the contribution of firms towards CSR activities. The growing consumer awareness has also increased pressure on corporations to publish annual CSR reports (Obserseder et al., 2014). These reports mainly focus on how firms are dealing with societal concerns regarding environmental pollution, climate change and resource depletion. Conversely, while t here is debate concerning the importance of corporate self-reporting, the emergence of international guidelines and standards suggests that consumers are increasingly basing their purchase decisions on such information (Alessia et al. 2009). This paper examines corporate social responsibilities report of three companies that include BMW, Adidas and Shell. In the modern business environment, CSR reports are important because they help to enhance the image of firms in the public domain. Through these reports, firms are in a position to highlight on their business activities. Since the consumers are becoming aware regarding sustainable development, it is in the interest of companies to disclose their CSR activities. Such activities may include, for instance, community initiatives, safety at the workplace, stakeholder engagement, corporate governance and

Comparative analysis between The Heathen by Jack London and The Open Essay

Comparative analysis between The Heathen by Jack London and The Open Boat by Stephen Crane - Essay Example Sea voyages are generally considered to be quite dangerous due to the unpredictability of oceans and nature’s fury is being presented in both these stories. â€Å"Eighty feet high splashes that were monstrous went above the mastheads.† The Heathen. (www.readbookonline.net ) Indeed both stories have been splendid when it comes to describing the human relationship, which exists between the different members during the course of their journey at sea. It also very beautifully brings forward the message that, during adversities it is the mutual trust and help that will enable each sailor to tide against all odds. Both stories have been quite effective, in showing the vagaries that the ship crew face during a ship wreck and the miraculous escapes of a few of them, who are partly saved by luck and partly due to the level of confidence each crew is filled with. Though ship wrecks are a common occurrence during olden days both these stories bring out the way by which the sailors and crew members overcome such adversities. It shows that people with the highest level of skill and intelligence, only can survive ship wrecks and sea journey is not for the weak hearted. Thus it is only ultimately the strong and bold men who challenge adversity are the one’s who survive ship wrecks. â€Å"If men get adequate training they would not get drowned in sea due to the commonly occurring shipwrecks.† The Open Boat. (www.readbookonline.net )

Managing the Economy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Managing the Economy - Research Paper Example Basic Income Tax Rate (% points) 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 Real Income Tax Allows (Index, 1995=100) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 VAT Rate (% points) 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 Employers NICs Rate (% points) 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 Interest Rates (% points) 6.2 6.0 6.0 5.4 4.1 Real Unemp. Benefits (Index 1995=100) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 DM / Exchange Rate 2.67 2.63 2.58 2.55 2.55 SETTING OF MAIN POLICY INSTRUMENTS IN THE REVISED FORECAST 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Govt Capital Expdt ( bn,1995 prices) 10.1 11.2 12.7 14.4 15.0 Govt Current Expdt ( bn,1995 prices) 149.7 152.4 155.8 159.4 162.0 Basic Income Tax Rate (% points) 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 Real Income Tax Allows (Index, 1995=100) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 VAT Rate (% points) 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 Employers NICs Rate (% points) 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 Interest Rates (% points) 6.2 6.0 6.0 5.4 4.1 Real Unemp. Benefits (Index 1995=100) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 There is no change made in the Main policy instruments between the base forecast and the revised ones. This is the effect of the changes to the assumptions which has been made. 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 GDP (growth, % pa) -1.1 -2.0 -1.1 -0.0...High growth rates and high inflation rates go together. All these are the result of the rise in Oil price which is almost three times in the first two years of reckoning and more than twice in the next three years. The effect of these interlinked parameters has an impact on the other economic performances. Analysis: The GDP growth shows a negative figure due to the steep increase in the world oil price and in the substantial decrease in the rate of growth of the World trade (0.8%) during 1999. The figures saw themselves stabilizing during the subsequent period in 2000 with a growth rate of 3% which made the GDP growth rate 0. With a lowered growth rate, during the 1999 and 2000 this can be seen as a period of recession and the rest of the period from 2000 to 2003, there is a slow regaining resulting in lowering of the unemployment by the end of 2003. Inflationary tendency in the market comes down over this regaining period beyond 2000 while the earnings go up as indicated by the earnings inflation figure which shows an increase towards the end of the period. Current account holding has come down while at the same time, the strengthening of the DM indicates an advantage trade situation for sterling towards export of commodities and services rather than import of these services. i) A negative GDP growth rate was noticed in the earlier cases.

Finance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Finance - Assignment Example 6. Â  If you calculate the growth prospects of a firm and from this forecast you project the amount of and timing of dividends and then you discount this dividend stream back to the present you are applying the Firm Foundation Theory. 8. Â  I do not currently own shares of FB. I think that the business model of FB is going to fail. I decide to borrow shares of FB and then sell these borrowed shares. This is an example of a short sale. 9. Â  It was individual investors who made huge mistakes that led to the dot.com and housing bubbles and the collapse of these markets. If individuals had allowed professionals to manage their money the destruction of value that took place when the dot.com and housing bubbles burst could have been avoided. 10. Investors are rational and this places constraints on asset prices. For example if Company X owns 90% of company Y and 10% of Company Y is traded on a stock exchange then the value of company X will always be the value of 90% of company Y plus the value of Company X. 11. IPOs are a way for insiders to liquidate their ownership interests of a company. IPOs tend to increase in frequency during a stock market bubble because the public is demanding to participate in the market for a new technology. This demand increases the value of shares offered and fuels the demand for more share

Gun Control Unit 2 Part 1 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gun Control Unit 2 Part 1 - Research Paper Example He pointed out that some resistance was expected form weapons, ammunition and arms industries, stating that it would be seen as an attack on them. Although only as few as four senators had agreed to support Chaffee in his quest to table the bill, he remained confident of winning more support. He was wary of refusal to hand over the guns immediately, but confident $5000 penalty thereon would compel criminals to gradually accept the ban. He was categorical on exceptional possession of the guns by police among other licensed holders. In attendance was Dr Burton Lee, the President Bush’s personal physician who was in agreement of Chaffee’s argument (Mulligan, 1992). The controlling idea in the author’s article is the legal platform being sought to bring in measures t control possession of guns by the public. It is clear that that his thesis is centered on the bill and the popularity it is likely to gain from supporters. From the reporters’ view on the bill that Senator Chaffee prepared for passage into law, some key support is lacking, such that the retired Supreme Court Chief Justice declaration for support of the bill gets such publicity. Apart from a few senators in support of the provisions of the bill, it is apparent that there is a considerable level of resentment from key quarters of arms possession stakeholders. Apart from the politics that goes with legislation, public safety enhancement lies squarely in the sealing of risky loopholes in the security policies made by the government. It might be argued that public opinion is the key to determination of policy and legislation, and so does the support of key bills, but a critical surgery of the underlying issues must be used to make the final verdict. How serious is possession of guns by the public? What popular alternative solutions could be offered in place of hand gun bans? Who could take a better

Source of Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Source of Finance - Essay Example However interest on overdrafts is usually greater than interest on other loans and banks even charge an overdraft facility fee. The company should therefore put all these in to consideration and make sure that the benefits to be achieved from the overdraft outweigh the costs associated with taking the overdraft. Also, overdrafts do not cover all financing requirements. The company should therefore assess whether its financing requirements are long-term or short-term. If short-term, then an overdraft can be a right source of funding but if long-term then an overdraft would be an inefficient way to raise funds since the overdraft would be required on demand by the bank. If that be the case the company might go into financial distress and subsequently bankruptcy. In addition, collateral security might be needed by the bank in the form of a tangible fixed asset or against personal guarantee provided by the directors. It this case, the company should consider the nature of its fixed assets and asses which assets it can put up as collateral. Another determining factor for the overdraft is the firm's cash flows, timing and receipts of payments, sales trends and other cash flows. By carefully analysing all these information the company would be able to arrive at a better conclusion as to whether to engage in the overdraft or not and if the answer is yes, the amount and when the overdraft is to be repaid. Before engaging in an overdraft, therefore, the company has to carefully study the costs of the overdrafts and benefits from the investment it wants to finance with the overdraft. Should the costs outweigh the benefits then it should not engage in the overdraft. However it should engage in the overdraft facility only if the benefits substantially exceed costs. (http://www.tutor2u.net/business/finance/finance_overdraft.htm). Existing shareholders The company can also raise the much needed 10000-euro through equity finance Finance raised from shareholders in the form of ordinary shares and reserves, as opposed to non-equity and to borrowing. (John and Nicolas, 2005) Handy Andy's corner shop can also raise its 10,000euro by making contact with a business angel.

Sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 12

Sociology - Essay Example This globalization process has been strongly debated in the media, political and social circles for the past several years. If one includes colonialism as an ancestor of the process, one could say the debate has raged for generations. The International Monetary Fund defines globalization as â€Å"a historical process† involving â€Å"the increasing integration of economies around the world, particularly through trade and financial flows† (International Monetary Staff 2002). Globalization is typically considered a necessary and unavoidable process leading to future world economic development. However, many have criticized the process because it tends to exacerbate present inequalities that exist within and between nations, threatens the employment and living standards of individuals in all countries and prevents the natural social progress with which each of these countries have been engaged. It seems clear that even though the process is unlikely to change or to reverse , very few people are likely to benefit from the process called globalization. The ways in which many organizations conduct business have changed dramatically under the concept of globalization. It is the survival strategy of the marketplace to continuously strive to increase efficiency within the workplace by producing the greatest quantity of products with the least expenditure of resources. As globalization continues, this is also changing the way in which companies conduct business, such as through the concept of the value-added chain. â€Å"In its most basic form, a value-added chain is ‘the process by which technology is combined with material and labor inputs, and the processed inputs are assembled, marketed, and distributed† (Gereffi, Humphrey & Sturgeon, 2005). By outsourcing many activities and production processes to less developed countries and marketing to more developed countries, many corporations have also

French culture Essay Example for Free

French culture Essay France is a Western Europe country with a population of approximately 60. 4 million people as by July 2004. France has a diversity of religions but the dominant religion is Roman Catholic with Jewish religion having the least followers (Kwintessential, 2010). These preliminary diversities in ethnicity and religion signal a diverse French culture. This paper discusses French culture by looking into different beliefs and attitudes common to French people. Language is also a central part of French culture as well as other important values. A diverse French culture Every people have their identity which is mainly entrenched in their culture. The French are not exceptional for the French culture is rich in almost all dimensions. The culture is usually best felt when you explore philosophy or by looking at the unique literary and art work. The input of French people in philosophy is outstanding with prominent philosophers like Rene Descartes (1600s) prided as the pioneers of modern philosophy. Montaigne is also a renowned sixteenth century philosopher who is celebrated for his ability to institute as part of art. Other French philosophers include Voltaire, Pascal and Jean-Jacques Rousseau (LERC, 2010). Having such renowned philosophers indicate that the French culture has been very influential not only in European countries but also in the Western nations and practically the whole world. A people’s art is a mirror of the people and what their values are all about. French art is in the form of literature, theatre as well as other forms of art. Some of the art works are very old thus portraying a rich history of the French culture. Some of the French artists who are known worldwide include Claude Monet who is known for his contribution to impressionist art which is an impression of ones view about nature (Cauderlier, 2009). Other artists include Edouard Manet, Auguste Renoir and Armand Guillaumin. The cathedrals of France such as the Notre Dame and Chartres cathedral are popular structures that showcase French artistry. In particular, the Notre Dame cathedral has its walls decorated with statues as well as gargoyles. On the other hand, Chartres cathedral has its windows made of about 3,000 m2 of stained glass (LERC, 2010). All these are magnificent features of the French art work. Writing, poetry and theatre make up a beautiful French literature. France prides of the Academie francaise which is made of prominent writers. The Hunchback of Notre Dame was for instance the work of novelist Victor Hugo in the 1800s. Among other French writes whose works have been influential in development of culture include Alexandre Dumas and Charles Baudelaire (LERC, 2010). In poetry, the works of Ronsard and Lamartine regarding nature and love are still influential (French Language, 2010). French theatre is also a unique symbol of French culture. For instance, Moliere has several comedies which portray the vanities of human nature as a satire. Other playwrights include Racine and Corneille. These pieces of literature unique to French people are a source of pride and identity to the French people thereby displaying one aspect of their culture. Language is an important aspect in the French culture. French is the predominant language with about 88 percent of the communicating through French with even most of the rest speaking French and another language. Other spoken languages which are spoken by a small percentage of people include German dialects, Flemish, Italian, Catalan dialects, Breton and Basque. Immigrants have such dialects as the Corsu, Kabyle as well as Antillean Creole (Kwintessential, 2010). French people not only utilize verbal communication but they also regularly use non-verbal communication mainly in form of gestures. For instance, an eye contact is mainly used to signify equality or to act as a cue for friendship request. Shaking hands among acquaintances is also highly regarded by French people. Specific gestures are used for counting (using fingers starting from the thumb) whereas covering ones mouth with the hands indicates making an apology or an acknowledgement that one has made a mistake (LERC, 2010). French people also have their food which is unique and defines them. French cuisine varies mainly according to regions in France as regions influence availability of food. The most common traditional meal is the baguette and cheese accompanied by wine. Other meals have several courses with an air of sophistication. Since each region has different ingredients, each region seems to specialize in such ingredients but the foods have commonalities such as use of olive oil and tomatoes. In addition to the influence of local availability, French foods also vary depending on the influence of bordering countries and immigrants (sauerkraut common Alsace which borders Germany) Lunch break usually takes about two hours for most people (FPSi, 2010) The French society also has unique family and societal values, customs and etiquettes which are an important feature of the French culture. The family is highly valued and they are families are composed of few children. The roles of each family member are clearly defined with the parents being guardians and providers. The extended family offers support either financially or emotionally. French people usually develop open and polite dealings with family members and friends. Exchange of gifts bears some given etiquettes. For instance, one is not supposed to give an even number of flowers. Nevertheless, number thirteen is said to be unlucky and therefore such a number of flowers should not be given. It is also a requirement to open gifts immediately they are received (Kwintessential, 2010). French people are time conscious and they value keeping time. For instance, one is not supposed to be late for dinner for an invited dinner for more than ten minutes without prior explanation for being late. There are unique table manners such as being a requirement to finish food in ones plate. Business is usually conducted formally and courtesy is among the most important etiquettes. For a person who cannot speak French, it is always preferable for them to apologise if they are to establish a meaningful relationship. Dark-coloured suits are recommended for as business wear for men while women can do with either business suits or if it has to be a dress, then it must be elegant and having soft colours (Kwintessential, 2010). This is an exemplary culture as it has been adopted in the business environment virtually all over the world. Conclusion French culture is interesting, unique in many ways and has influenced other cultures in the world. The philosophy, art and literature are renowned worldwide and are an identity for the French people. French culture is also clearly defined in language, foods, general etiquettes in the society as well as unique business etiquettes. The French culture is undoubtedly interesting and influential especially if one considers every minor detail of the culture. As French, one finds reason to be proud of their culture which is outstanding even in the modern world. Bibliography Cauderlier, A. (2009). Monet. Retrieved 12, May 2010 from http://giverny. org/monet/welcome. htm FPSi. (2010). French food culture. Retrieved 12, May 2010 from http://www. france-property-and-information. com/french_food. htm French Language. (2010). French culture. Retrieved 12, May 2010 from http://www. frenchlanguageguide. com/french/culture/ Kwintessential. (2010). France-French culture, customs and etiquette. Retrieved 12, May 2010 from http://www. kwintessential. co. uk/resources/global-etiquette/france-country-profile. html LERC. (2010). French culture, communication and gestures. Retrieved 12, May 2010 from http://lerc. educ. ubc. ca/LERC/courses/489/worldlang/french/frenchcultandcomm. html

Differences of Truth in Mathematics, Ethics and Art

Differences of Truth in Mathematics, Ethics and Art The rational minds profound and abstract speculations since time immemorial has been the nature of truth, a deeply rooted philosophical conundrum[1], whose thought itself has revolutionized the realistic value possessed by the areas of knowledge. Truth itself preoccupies a substantial role in our daily conversations, but its multi-dimensional nature has perplexed even the most profound thinkers like Plato and Aristotle as well as recent philosophers who have failed in uncovering this mystery lying at the heart of human culture. Although the word truth is tagged with the purpose of a utilitarian role, we humans mould it into a form recognized by the conceptual framework of our human mind, otherwise known as a schema. Hence the question of the value of truth involved in any statement is believed to be a consequence of the social constructivism based on beliefs and our rearing. Over the past years, truth has been dealt with individually in terms of its approach towards an array of knowl edge areas. The extent is an underpinning of the diverse perspectives that truth holds in a variety of areas of knowledge. Thus, it indicates not only a difference in the form of truth but also a similarity involved in deciphering the existence of truth. My essay ventures to explain the extent to which truth has been given varied significance in three distinct areas of knowledge; mathematics, arts and ethics in terms of the characteristics which define them. Since the abstract nature of truth has posed to be a universal dilemma, various theories have been formulated to gauge the truth value of any statement. Mathematics is often considered the language of certainty[2]and well-known for its infallibility and abstract thought. What makes mathematicians and philosophers believe that mathematics is closest to the absolute truth is its logical structure of methodology and judgments, and its influence on solvability to achieve an absolutely correct or incorrect answer. The mathematical truth is bound by certain rules and barriers which encompass this area of knowledge, hence a more constrained approach built on pure logic, and deductive-reasoning influences the truth involved in a mathematical stand-point. In mathematics a statement must be true or false is a clichà ©d saying and reflects the overall understanding which defines the outcome. Most mathematicians agree the fact that the set theory forms the firm foundation upon which the complex structure of math has been erected. But what intrigues these mathematicians is that can such an abstract area have any real life applications? A glimpse into the history of mathematics would surely assert the above question. For example, a number of theories in the past were thought to be a mere theoretical phenomenon but today behold a firm position in the real world. The Non-Euclidian Geometry was first considered as an idealistic branch of mathematics, but today has carved its way into the theories of relativity. In the present global situation, the population of the world has crossed the six billion mark and threatens to exponentially make its way up through the population charts. For example in China, in order to curb the population rush in the country, the government has pressed upon having one baby per family. From the mathematical view-point, the objective truth lies in the fact that in order to restore the habitat around us it is vital to take such a step in the interest o f the future generations. From the ethical stance, their version of truth is completely antipodal because the basis of a truth-value in this statement is a reflection of ones emotional self rather than a projection of a logical mind. In ethics, hence, an argument is a rhetoric affair where people need to be persuaded what I believe rather than proving the trueness involved in my proposition. I feel that my observation into this example is a projection of the extent to which one event holds a different stance from the spectacle of the truth value supporting the claim. What defines a stark line of difference between math and ethics as deciphered from the above example is the conflicting nature of moral opinions and that there are no observable facts to base the truth value on in an ethical viewpoint. The difference in moral opinions amongst people may be lead by the cognitive apparatus of the individual. Since ethics is considered to be a matter of personal concern, influenced by prev ious knowledge and experiences of the individual, the moral differences would explain that in ethics, there is no underlying truth to be discovered. But what defines morality in ethics is the position of ethical relativism, the belief that ethical view-points are relative to one culture or another. One of the most indignant moral issues at hand is abortion. Every individual agrees the medical procedures which culminate into an abortion. But there seems to be an equally repulsive response when it comes to agreeing the morality of abortion. In short, the matter of abortion has its agreement on medical science but doesnt touch upon the area of medical ethics. So, at all points of time, the entire scenario is a relative representation of a statement and it is an appearance but not the reality. I have always observed myself making hollow as well as emotionally driven promises and always have the statement Promises ought to be kept at the back of my mind. This seems to be a moral principl e, but it cannot be categorized as a factual claim. But on close observation, the truth factor within the statement shows close relations between such a statement and a mathematical proposition. If the phenomenon of promise is known and the true essence of its obligation is understood, there exists a relation between ideas. Though relativism and subjectivism are parallel in certain terms, art as an area of knowledge has been considered as a representation of reality. Friedrich Nietzsche aphorism We have art in order not to die of the truth, self-consciously asserts the fact that this world has art in order to live the truth. Though the ways of knowing have paved the path for the route to attaining truth in these three areas of knowledge, where reasoning, emotion and perception have dominated the approach to the ultimate reality in math, ethics and arts respectively, the truth value in each of its statements has a certain similarity. The form of assumptions which are utilized in proving a certain statement to be true is a recurring observation in all three areas of knowledge. The kind of truth that art is striving to convey to us may be completely different from the ay an individual may perceive it. Hence how do we judge a piece of art if it holds completely different opinions in the minds of 2 people? When viewing a work of art, it may evoke an emotion, and the recognition of this emotion may be an indication of the truth. However, there is a common view-point amongst people that photography has revolutionized the way truth is perceived since it portrays a much more accurate picture of the entire scenari o. Since the photo is a mere observation and appearances are truly deceptive. It is established that the truth involved in a painting is not prejudiced but a projection of the individuals personal interpretation, hence speaks about the viewer. Truth in terms of art is a reflection of beauty and is completely devoid of any form of logic. Truth has been shaped in numerous ways pertaining to the satisfaction of the individual contesting the truth in his mind. There is one single truth in relation to a statement and through the exploration into three distinct areas of knowledge, I have understood that the method of approaching the subject is what defines the truth involved in it. Plato himself argued to a great extent that there is a definite answer for anything to be considered good or bad, if one exercises his deductive reasoning skills as opposed to what the Sophists believed that such statements are a matter of subjective truth and is totally based on human interpretation and his desire.

King Oedipus Essay -- essays research papers

King Oedipus by Sophocles Blindness is the downfall of the hero Oedipus in the play â€Å"King Oedipus† by Sophocles. Not only does the blindness appear physically, but also egotistically as he refuses to acknowledge the possibility of him actually being the murderer of Laius, the former King of Thebes. Coincidentally, he is also Oedipus’s biological father. The use of light and dark in the play is strategically applied in order to better understand the emotion that lies within the characters. As blame is placed upon Oedipus for the murder of Laius, he blinds himself from the possible reality that he may be the killer. The people of Thebes are informed that there is an impending curse upon them as a result of the murder mystery of their previous king, Laius. In order to quicken the cure, Oedipus calls on Teiresias, the blind prophet to aide them. Excessive pride fuels his inability to believe the prophecy of Teiresias stating Oedipus is the killer, and that he has married his mother. â€Å"Until I came – I, ignorant Oedipus, came – and stopped the riddler’s mouth, guessing the truth by mother-wit, not bird-love.† Because he continually boasts about how he has saved Thebes from the Sphinx, he believes that no one could know more than he, especially if he is the one to be accused of a crime he â€Å"knows† he didn’t commit. In response Teiresias argues, â€Å"You are please to mock my blindness. Have you eyes, and do not see your own damnation? Eyes and cannot see what company you keep.† This is...

Essay --

  Adolf Hitler was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the Nazi Party ; National Socialist German Workers Party). He was chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and dictator of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. Hitler was at the centre of Nazi Germany, World War II in Europe, and the Holocaust. Hitler was a decorated veteran of World War I. He joined the German Workers' Party in 1919, and became leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923, he attempted a coup d'à ©tat in Munich, known as the Beer Hall Putsch. The failed coup resulted in Hitler's imprisonment, during which time he wrote his memoir, Mein Kampf . After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting Pan-Germanism, antisemitism, and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. After his appointment as chancellor in 1933, he transformed the Weimar Republic into the Third Reich, a single-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of Nazism. Hitler's aim was to establish a New Order of absolute Nazi German hegemony in co...

Brave New World Essay -- essays research papers

Ivan Denisovich essay In his 17th century pem, â€Å"To Althea from Prison†, Richard Lovelace tells us that â€Å"stone walls do not a prison make, nor iron bars a cage.† Thus Lovelace introduces and makes the reader familiar with the paradoxical nature of freedom. This paradox is raised again when comparing two legitimate visions of the modern world: Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World and Alexander Solzhenitsyn’s One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich. One day in the life of Ivan Denisovich vividly describes and allows the reader to live through life in a prison, where an individuals rights are stripped away, and Brave New World introduces the reader to a fantasy world filled with sex, drugs, and a total lack of inhibition and self-reserve. Although apparently unrelated, both novels together describe what could be considered a modern hell. In Solzhenitsyn’s novel Shukov is stripped of his rights and his free will, while Huxley’s characters are stripped of independen ce of thought and brainwashed into mindless decadence. A comparison of the worlds created by Solzhenitsy and Huxley prompts us to redefine imprisonment of freedom, yet the brain that is enslaved in Huxley’s novel is truly less free than the body enchained in Solzhenitsyn gulag.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alexander Solzhenitsyn carefully and tediously depicted what life is like in a prison. Ivans monotonous life prompts the reader initially to think that Ivans day is a living death of tedious details. Yet, in truth, Ivan i...

Leadership Strategy of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) Essay

Choose are leader you are interested in and analyse why you consider him/her to be a leader? Describe his or her key strengths and weaknesses as a leader. What makes you consider that person as an effective leader? Justify your answers in relation to the theories & practices we have examined in the course. Leadership is a crucial important topic that is deeply studied over time till today because it has a major effect in all the systems surrounding us affecting the individuals through political, businesses, humanitarian and to be named depending on the content of leadership nature. The term leadership can be defined as influential relationship between leaders and followers who intend real changes and outcomes that reflect their shared purposes towards a desirable future (Daft 2011). The great leader of all time influential on individuals does not disappear even after these leaders has been deceased. This is because such leaders not only possesses required leadership characteristic such as charisma, courage, passion, ethical and emotional attachment to its people which will further be discussed in the following essay in relation to the chosen leader but also what they have done for their followers and society as an whole for their better future. The perfect leader till date who has not been able to replace not even partially was the Prophet Muhammad, Peace be upon him (pbuh) who was a universal leader not just for the people of Muslims but towards every man-kinds on a global scale. He is not just a spiritual leader but also recognized as a leader for his political movement, a philosopher, a family man and also a business man. His teachings and actions were as per the guideline from the holy book of Islam â€Å"The Quran† – the word of god known as Allah (Gullen 2006). This essay will further discussed in details about Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) leadership style in relation to the current established theoretical frameworks on leadership and the reason why he is  still well-known for his accomplishment towards his missions not in just spreading the message of Islam, but also creating the equality and justice which is also a part of the message during the dark age in Arabia where the powerful crashed the weak, women dignity was misused and bloodshed was considered as a virtue (Gullen 2006).

Mbti Analysis

Identify the 4 letter MBTI preference for each member of your team. Harun INAK: ESFJ Koray OKSAY: ESFJ Deniz KORKMAZ: ENTP Ayd? n BIRIK: ENTP Firdevs TUNC: INFP Our group is an ENFP. 2. What is your team's MBTI profile (#E /#I, #S /#N, #T / #F, # J / #P? What does the MBTI profile tell you about the way your team may work together (strengths and potential challenges)? †¢ Team: ENFP †¢ E = 4 / I = 1 †¢ S = 2 / N = 3 †¢ T = 2 / F =3 †¢ J = 2 / P = 3 Our group is an ENFP. All other types exist in our group. This is the strength for us and we have good communication skills. We are mostly very perceptive about people's thought and motives and strive for â€Å"win-win† situations as motivational, inspirational; bring out the best in others We have some potential challenges in group; we are not good at conflict and critism. We mostly are easily bored with routine, repetitive tasks and don't pay attention to their own needs 3. How will you work together to leverage your strengths and potential challenges? Our biggest strenght is all other types exist in our group; We have two T (thinker) thats mean Deniz and Aydin are comfortable with conflict and tend to point of view then chances. We have two S (sensing) Koray and Harun are patient with routine, tested ideas. 4. What did your team learn from applying and discussing the tool for this week? Our team learned a lot while discussing the tool ,and it contributed a lot to our intercommunication skills within the team. First of all, we had more clear understanding of each others priorities and working character. During the project we will delegate tasks based on the results of our individual characters. Secondly, we understood that we have such a distributed and diverse Psychological Types in our team which gives us a lot of room for development, and accomplishment against various types of problems. Our team is made out of very different types making us capable of approaching at challenges in different aspects. As a result, we learned that our team is evenly distributed and has a very good balance. 5. Based on your analysis, what specific steps will your team take to improve the way you work We definitely need a meeting as it is decided Tuesday in the team charter. At that meeting, that week's assignment and all the deliverables must be determined to overcome possible confusion before due time. Meeting agenda is important to stay focused on the assignment. These 2 step should be followed strictly to prevent possible conflicts.

The Beatles Influence on Rock-and-Roll

The Beatles are one of the most innovative rock bands of all time. They have not only changed the way rock and roll is looked at, but also the way that the music is recorded. They have influenced the artists of the 60s and the 70s, and also many generations later and to come. Originating from Liverpool, England, the Beatles, or the Fab Four, consists of Paul McCartney, John Lennon, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr. Topping the charts in ’63 with â€Å"Love Me Do,† and bringing in the highest rated viewing in history while performing on the Ed Sullivan Show, the Beatles are definitely a band that broke the sound barrier of rock and roll.They used unique sounds in their music and weren’t afraid of experimenting in the studio, they even welcomed accidental occurrences and toyed around to get the sound they were looking for. Artificial double tracking was invented during the recording of their album Revolver and also a new technique on miking strings. They paved the way for other British Bands in America and even had full-blown imitators, like the Monkees, that copied everything from their look, to the spelling error in their name, and their campaign. They also helped create a whole new genre of music called folk rock.Their influence is still seen in today’s musicians, such as the band Oasis, who compare their music constantly to the Beatles. The Beatles Influence on Rock-and-Roll â€Å"The impact of the Beatles – not only on rock and roll but on Western culture – is simply incalculable. As musicians, they proved that rock and roll could embrace a limitless variety of harmonies, structures and sounds; virtually every rock experiment has some precedent on Beatles records. † Said by the Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock and Roll, could not be any more wrong.The Beatles had a huge impact on not just rock and roll, but music as a whole, as well as influencing the technology used to record their music. They weren’ t afraid of experimenting and instead of producing music they produced art. Their influence is seen all over the world, but no one has come close to the fame that was Beatlemania. The Beatles originated from Liverpool, England and consists of Paul McCartney, John Lennon, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr. They first started playing shows in Hamburg, Germany as a skiffle band in 1960.In 1962 they released their first single â€Å"Love Me Do,† which reached the number one spot on U. S. charts in May of ’63. Their first appearance on the Ed Sullivan Show in February of ’64 brought in over 73 million viewers, the most in U. S. history. By April 1964, they held the first five places in the Billboard Hot 100. The Beatles were one of the biggest influences on music during the 60s and 70s. Their music, to this day, remains more widely known than any other music of the rock era. They have brought new sounds and ideas in their music and revolutionized the idea of rock and roll.Their work was always invested with originality, using unique sounds in their music, which is most dramatically seen in Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band. They used many studio effects on this album, including reverberation, echoes, and reverse tape effects. They experimented with sounds that no other bands used, and had great success with it. They created their own material, breaking the Tin Pan monopoly of song writing, setting in motion revolutionary changes in the music publishing industry. They wrote songs for fellow artists and even encouraged the Rolling Stones to write their own music. The Beatles were the first group to use the recording studio as a writing tool, building up complex song arrangements by multi-tracking and importing orchestral textures and avant-garde effects under the guidance of producer George Martin† (Glassman).In Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band, instead of using traditional breaks in between songs, one tracked merged i nto the next, which were linked by studio talk, laughter, electronic noises, and animal sounds. They also used audio tricks involving steam organs, orchestras, sitars, and even a pack of foxhounds in full cry at the end of â€Å"Good Morning, Good Morning. The use of animal sounds were actually first used in the Beach Boys album Pet Sounds that the Beatles admired. When asked the Beach Boys where they got their innovation for Pet Sounds, the Beatles Rubber Soul album was what inspired them. â€Å"A Day In The Life,† the last song on the album, featured â€Å"what Lennon described as ‘a sound building up from nothing to the end of the world’† (Lazarescu). The song â€Å"Strawberry Fields Forever† fused two different versions of the same song and used reverse-tape cellos for an eerie effect.After George Harrison used sitar on the song â€Å"Norwegian Wood,† other bands like the Byrds, Yardbirds, and the Rolling Stones, soon followed incorporat ing Eastern-influence sounds into their work. Paul McCartney once said, â€Å"We would say, ‘Try it! Just try it for us. If it sounds crappy, OK, we’ll lose it. But it might just sound good. ’ We were always pushing ahead: Louder, further, longer, more different† (â€Å"All About Jazz†). The Beatles had complete access to Abbey Road studios free of charge, spending hours upon hours experimenting and writing music.They used the studio as an instrument in itself. They were the first band to push musical and technological boundaries. They took advantage of accidental occurrences in the recording process. You can see this in â€Å"I Feel Fine† where there is feedback and also in â€Å"Long, Long, Long† where there is a resonating glass bottle. They also deliberately toyed with situations and techniques that would further chance effects. An example of this is in â€Å"I am the Walrus,† where they used a live mixing of a UK radio broa dcast into the fade of the song, and also the chaotic assemblage of â€Å"Tomorrow Never Knows. Ken Townsend invented artificial double tracking (ADT) during the recording of Revolver because Lennon didn’t like singing a song twice. ADT is still widely used for instruments and voices; however, it is now mostly known as automatic double tracking. Other influences the Beatles had on technology were the use of close miking the strings by engineer Geoff Emerick when recording. In 1966 that was a radically new way of miking strings, and now it is common practice. The Beatles were also the firsts to use direct injection to record McCartney’s bass on Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band.This is done by connecting the bass to the recording console via an impedance matching DI box. The Beatles paved the way for other British bands in America. The Beatles were the first British group to break into America and since the Beatles were able to have fame in the US, they gave other British bands the possibility of making it in America. Such bands were Gerry and the Pacemakers, Billy J. Kramer and the Dakotas, and the Searchers, who were all also managed by Brian Epstein. Other British bands that followed the Beatles were the Rolling Stones, the Who, and the Yardbirds.The Rolling Stones had a raunchier dirty bad boy look, different then the clean-cut look of the Beatles. As the 1970s began, you can see the Beatles influence in artists like Elton John and Pink Floyd. In America, the most blatant imitators of the Beatles were the Monkees, who even calculatedly misspelled the name just like the Beatles. The Monkees were four actors portraying longhaired whimsical musicians; however, their music was actually performed by studio musicians. They copied the Beatles to a tee, including their campaign.Before the Beatles came to the US, their manager Brian Epstein had Capital Records spend $50,000 on a campaign, plastering posters all over the country stating, â⠂¬Å"The Beatles Are Coming,† and gave disc jockeys records of interviews with the Beatles to feel like they were actually making personalized interviews. For the Monkees, â€Å"The band’s label spent $100,000 on an ad campaign that involved seventy-six advance men, who distributed thousands of posters proclaiming ‘The Monkees Are Coming’ and provided preview records to 6,000 disc jockeys† (Szatmary 125).After the assassination of President John Kennedy, the whole country was at a low point and the Beatles brought them back to happier times, especially the folk artists. A lot of folk artists felt like the protest was over after Kennedy was killed. Kennedy was making a change in the country, but after his death, they felt like there was no more fight left in them. Bob Dylan, one of the major folk musicians of the era, just gave it all away and went towards the more electrified sounds of the Beatles.Gene Clark, who at the time was part of the folk group the New Christy Minstrels, was on tour when he first heard the Beatles song â€Å"She Loves You. † â€Å"I must have played it 40 times in the two days the New Christy Minstrels were playing that town,’ he later enthused. ‘I knew, I knew that this was the future† (Szatmary 140). Gene Clark later quit the New Christy Minstrels and formed his own band with Roger McGuinn and a few other former folk musicians. They called themselves the Byrds, misspelling it to emulate the spelling error in the Beatles.They combined Dylanese folk, vocal harmonies and Beatles music to create folk rock. Other folk bands that switched to folk rock were the Turtles, Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel, and Scotland’s folk singer Donovan Leitch, which Paul McCartney was featured singing with him on his song â€Å"Mellow Yellow. † One other band was Lovin’ Spoonful who owed their debt to Dylan and none other than the Beatles. When new wave and punk music started in th e late 1970s, their sound and style could still be heard in artists like the Squeeze, the Police, and Elvis Costello. Their music has spoken not only to its own time but to every generation since† (Campbell, Brody 168). In the late 1980s a new style of music called â€Å"baggy† originated from Manchester. The musical devotees sported Bealte-esque haircuts and drew heavily on the 1960s. They fused Beatles psychedelic with electronic elements taken from the simultaneously developing acid house scene. You can see the Beatles influence in the guitar style and song arrangements of the Stone Roses, guitarist John Squire cited them as one of his main influences.The mid 90s saw a whole new host of Beatles influenced bands. The band Cast, which was formed by guitarist John Powers in 1994, has Lennon-esque vocals and memorable songs, which are still reaping the rewards. In 1995 a Liverpool band called the Boo Radleys had both the Beatles pop and psychedelic styles. Songwriter/gui tarist Martin Carr told Melody Maker in 1994 that, â€Å"There's never been a time when they haven't been a part of my life† (Glassman). The Gallagher brothers, who formed the group Oasis, lived and breathed the Beatles.They even named dropped the Beatles whenever they could in interviews. They would write their own melodies and then arrange them in a Bealte-esque style, but with a rocky, attitude-dowsed edge. â€Å"It's beyond an obsession. It's an ideal for living. I don't even know how to justify it to myself. With every song that I write, I compare it to The Beatles,’ Noel Gallagher told Q in 1996† (Glassman). Of the eight years that were the Beatles, no band has received more attention from fans, musicians, and scholars. Their music tells us more about the sixties than any other band.Their influence is seen in music and even the technology used to record music. From their first album Please Please Me (1963) all the way to their last album Hey Jude (1970), n o band has seen such a diverse selection of songs, going from retro one minute to folk-influenced the next. With their use of experimentation, they have opened a whole new door to the way rock is heard, converting even folk musicians, like the Byrds, to their style of music. You can still hear their inspiration in music even in today’s bands such as Oasis. Yet no one has seemed to copy the sound that was the Beatles.

Owens & Minor Case Study Solution Essay

1. What is the value-added by Owens and Minor? Is this value-addition visible? * They own and manage the inventory for the manufacture * They take on the financial risk associated with the function of managing the inventory flow to the hospitals. * They care for product returns and carry the risk for that. * They carry the receivables (cash flow issues due to long payment terms of customers; actually a 90 days credit) * They carry and manage most of the inventory for the hospitals, which are sometimes even running stockless. * They track and verify customer prices for contracted product purchases and monitor agreements between end-users and manufacturers * The distribution has changed in a way that hospitals required the distributors to carry more of the inventory and making more deliveries in lower units of measure, while keeping the same originally negotiated prices. This has put a stronger burden on the distributors. * Owens & Minor creates a clear value-add for both manufacturers and suppliers. Manufactures usually only want to produce and sell the product before getting it out of the door * Hence Owens and Minor takes the full responsibility for all stressful parts of selling a product. On the other hand customers don’t want to buy and own products before they are ready to use it. * Thus Owens and Minor also enables them to achieving more efficient structures, while reducing additional costs related to managing efficiently. 2. Evaluate the impact cost-plus pricing has on distributors, customers, and suppliers. Distributors: * Services related to inventory management are not included properly, since the percentage they gain is the same for all products. Whether they are cheap and efficiently to handle or rather problematic. Hence costs will skyrocket if customers will ask for additional services (while keeping the same price). * They have the drawback of customers engaging in cherry-picking and only enabling the distributors to manage low-margin, inexpensive products. Customers: * Cost-plus pricing lead to a complicated pricing structures, since distributors and customers negotiated separate product prices from manufacturers, introduced incentives, let prices vary from customer to  customer, covered some products by contract and some don’t etc. * Hence purchasing managers were nearly unable to properly track actual product costs and compare quotes from competing manufacturers and distributors. Suppliers: * Suppliers have no motivation to try to reduce costs and increase efficiencies since profits remain the same. * Market demand is not taken into consideration. If a supplier has a markup, which takes the reseller’s price point beyond current market prices, the reseller’s demand will decrease dramatically. 3. What effect will ABP have on customer behavior? Provide an example to illustrate. ABP connects O&M‘s fee to the level of the service they provide * Customer is motivated to keep its activities down to a minimum level and only order services that he really needs * Customers who want to extend their service-level can get this because there is a way for O&M to price a higher service-level * ABP helps customers to optimize their service-level and hence their costs. 4. What are the obstacles to successful implementation of ABP at Ideal? How would you address these obstacles? * Internal systems at hospitals (e.g. budgeting, compensation) were tied to cost-plus percentages. * Product prices with cost-plus percentages were used to determine transfer pricing between hospital departments * Technological barriers: Customer has to change to an EDI system (electronical data input) * Hospital would have to change its systems and procedures for material handling * For a hospital to benefit it would have to be willing to change and shed personnel, equipment and warehousing space. * Culture of hospitals (e.g. surgeons have different preferences for many operating room supplies) O&M‘s response: * Offered to convert the activity fee to a cost-plus equivalent * O&M‘s logistical services worked closely with customers moving to ABP to help them realign processes and institute cost savings.

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 43

Assignment - Essay Example ticular good such as generators spikes up after natural disasters such as hurricane, its price will naturally go up because virtually all people would need a generator in the area that lost power due to the hurricane. There will be people who are willing to pay for premium prices just to get the generator and in effect, that will raise the prices. Without government intervention during state of emergency, the dynamics of the market will take over. For example, if the supply of generator is 100 and the demand suddenly increased to 1000, its typical price of let say $100 will shot up to even a thousand because the demand curve increased without increasing the supply curve. When the government intervenes however the market will be distorted because it is forcing the price to remain at its previous level even if the demand curve is increased. But this is not necessarily bad because the demand is also temporary. Eventually, when normalcy returns to a disaster struck area so will the price because the excessive demand will be

Korean Film class midterm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Korean Film class midterm - Essay Example Personal life of an individual intersects with the historical and cultural specifications of the country in a particular historical period of time. â€Å"Peppermint Candy† is successfully embodied this idea into its perfect content and unforgettable form. The central character in â€Å"Peppermint Candy† is considered to be a man that is named Kim Yong-ho. The opening scene of the film introduces his intention to commit a suicide. Kim Yong-ho stays on rails in front of the moving train with the words â€Å"I want to go back again† (Shin and Stringer, 161). Viewers have a chance to observe the result of his entire life, but the reasons seem in this situation more interesting. It is relevant to admit that further actions in the movie represent the number of causes that lead to such tragic and irrevocable final. The last words of Kim Yong-ho expose his desire to return to the past and built his life differently. The moment of frustration and despair is included into the opening scene and viewers are involved to Kim Yong-ho’s self disappointment and discord of his personality. This man does not find a sense in his life and does not have a desire to exist. Obviously, he wishes to correct his mistakes, but his understanding and recognition of inability to fix the past induces him only to death. He stays in front of the moving train and ready to go to eternity. The filmmakers of â€Å"Peppermint Candy† place the moment of highest emotional tension in the beginning of the movie. The step-by-step explanation goes next through the number of flashbacks that constructs the entire film. Lee Chang Dong uses the technique of reverse chronology in order to objectify his concept into this particular movie. Viewers pretend to follow the most relevant episodes from the Kim Yong-ho’s personal and social life. The last twenty years of his existence is depicted in the â€Å"Peppermint Candy† with the help of â€Å"reverse temporal denouement† beginning with 1999 and

Legal unit3 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Legal unit3 - Case Study Example 28). Lastly, the conclusion of the issue before Court inform of ruling (Guether 2006, sec 1.1). This Appeal involves Lovington Good Centre as the appellant against Mrs. Mitchell the Appellee. The history of this case is that Mitchell got terminated by the Appellee without benefit Mitchell applied to the Unemployment Commission for benefits, but the application got turned down. Mitchell then, appealed to the Tribunal of Appeal which reversed the commission decision. The centre appealed the decision of the Appeal Tribunal to the Commissioner who reversed the decision upholding the disqualification of benefits. Mitchell appealed the Commissioners decision to the district court which overruled the Commissioners decision reinstating the benefits causing the Centre to appeal. The facts are that, Mitchell had used insubordinate language by calling her seniors bird brains and that on several occasion she failed to wear uniform while on duty. The question before the Court is whether Mrs. Mitchell’s actions amount to misconduct. Misconduct rule got applied as defined in the case of Boyton Cab Co v Neubeck, 237 Wis. 248 (1941) to mean willful disregard of an employers interest as observing in deliberate violation of standards which the employer expects from the employee. The failure of Mitchell to wear the uniform and calling of names amounts to misconduct. In conclusion because Mrs. Mitchell willfully and negligently fails to wear uniform as instructed by the employer is guilty of misconduct. This case involves Rodman as the appellant against Mexico Security Department as the Appellee. The Appeal arose from the upholding of administrative decision denying unemployment compensation to the appellant. The facts are that, Rodman the appellate used to receive subordinate telephone calls and visitors during the time of work at Presbyterian Hospital. Rodman continued receiving phone

Marketing plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Marketing plan - Essay Example It presses towards creating resources that earn it a global reputation. Haier group mainly manufactures appliances that are used in homes. They are manufactured to meet quality needs of customers all over the world. Heir classifies its products into four: white, brown, client solution business and manufacturing group’s equipment components. The classification facilitates departmentation and focus in the company. The white products include refrigerators, water heaters, washing machines, air conditioners and kitchen appliances. Brown products include computers, mobile phones and colored television sets. Client solution business products involve medical equipment, interior kitchen decoration, integrated kitchen, intelligent home appliances and central air conditioners. Manufacturing group equipment component include electronic control integration and metal and plastic product plate production line. To increase their market, the products will have their quality increased and manufactured in technologically competitive way in order to attract customer s. In the year 2008, Haier was in command of 30% of China’s local electronic market of its products. The company aims at getting the market share to over 50%. The product air conditioners’ market in the same year was 145, way below that of its competitor named Media and Gee that was 47%. The company has divided China into five sections of the market in order to enable it win over the competitors. The products’ market across the world are fair, facing competition from the local products. With increased products’ quality, the sales of the products in the target markets are expected to increase with up to 20% upon execution of the marketing plan (Stapleton 1982). Haier Group Company has its headquarters at Qingdao. The company has established 11976 service centers, 56 trading centers and 38000 sales offices in the areas that it distributes its products. They are able to get the products

Competitors of Trading Company in Singapore Assignment

Competitors of Trading Company in Singapore - Assignment Example The company’s portfolio consists of an impressive collection of about forty premium beer brands which includes famous brands like Heineken, ABC Extra shot, Barons Strong Dew etc. The company represents the premium Netherlands based brand Heineken in about sixty markets which are spread across ten nations of the globe. The company has achieved credible quality certifications like the ISO 9001: 2000, â€Å"Critical Control Point† and â€Å"Hazard Analysis† recognition as a mark of its strive towards marinating high-quality standard in the products. The firm has been consistently rated by many organizations including KPMG for providing excellent quality products and consistently adding value for its customers (Asia Pacific Breweries Ltd, 2010). Chiap Seng & Co is a Singapore based company which is engaged in importing food items from various nations. The company was established in the year 1958 and has carved a niche for itself in the Singapore market. The product portfolio of the firm is quite varied and includes food kinds of stuff like oils, bottled grocer, canned foods, preserved foods, dry fruits etc. In addition to these products, the company also imports products like vermicelli, olive, pork etc from various nations across the globe. The company has expanded over the years and is presently engaged in exporting and whole selling goods in the Singapore market in addition to importing premium quality branded food items into the nation (Chiap Seng & Co, 2002). Wine Boss is a wine importing firm based in Singapore. It is incorporated as Wine Boss Trading Pte Ltd. The company is engaged in the import of quality wines from Australia, USA, France, Argentina and Spain. The firm imports premium branded wines from these nations and sells them to various channels in Singapore. The company also provides special customized packages for its customers. This includes providing wine arrangements at parties, clubs, and hotels.  

Self-evaluation Global climate changes are manmade Essay

Self-evaluation Global climate changes are manmade - Essay Example Therefore, this argument is not valid. How I would make this argument valid would be to cite more broad-based examples of extreme weather pattern which are linked to human activities. In this case, the case of the Texas farmers who have experienced extreme weather events is too narrow of an example, because the extreme weather events experienced by the Texas farmers could be due to any number of causes(Crook, 1999). Presenting examples which are broader based, more tied to the issue of global warming, and are less likely to have any number of causes for these observed phenomenon, would be a better way of illustrating this point. Conclusion #2 – that the industrial revolution influenced the world in significant ways. First of all, this conclusion is poorly written, because, as written, this conclusion does not support the overall argument of the paper, which is that human beings are responsible for internal and external changes in weather. A better way of writing this conclusion so that it is more supportive of the overall argument would be to write the following: â€Å"The emergence of the industrial revolution, in the 19th Century, accelerated the global warming process in different ways.† As for the premises to support the conclusion – one of the premises is that the industrial activities, such as the burning of fossile fuel and coal, and the utilization of natural gas and oil, led to large emissions of toxic gases into the atmosphere. This particular premise is sound, because it links the activities in the industrial revolution directly with the conclusion that the industrial revolution contributes to greenhouse gases. However, the next argument, that the energy sector contributes to 20 percent of methane and 75 percent of carbon dioxide emissions, does not support the conclusion. The conclusion relates specifically to the industrial revolution, which is a specific period of time. The above

Illinois v. Wardlow 528 U.S.119 (Case law) Research Paper

Illinois v. Wardlow 528 U.S.119 (Case law) - Research Paper Example They found a handgun from him and later o arrest him for further enquiry. When the case was presented in the Illinois Trial court, Wardlaw’s motion in that area was denied to suppress by the court and they also gave the judgment as the gun was found during a legal stop and search operation. But state Appellate Court reverse the decision stating that there was not enough evidence of doubt for Nolan to stop and search Wardlaw. Latter on Supreme Court stated the fact that sudden movement or flight in a high crime zone could not be a reason to suspect and stop-search an individual as the movement can be treated like â€Å"right to go on one’s way†. But as the suspect tried to flight from the place therefore the further investigation can be carry on. (Legal Information Institute, 2000). The Fourth Amendment of US law did support the action of the police office. According to Ferguson & Bernache (2008), under the guidelines of the Supreme Court, lower court while giving any decision can consider an area as high crime area as a factor to review the reasonableness of Fourth Amendment stop. But the definition of high crime area was not mentioned by the highest court, and therefore a lot of controversies were there during Illinois v Wardlaw case. After this incident, the need of defining high crime area was understood. According to them, high crime area could be defined based on three different parameters, such as: the area have to be marked by high degree of particularized criminal activities, the geographical boundary of that area have to be specified and thirdly the assigned police officer adjacent to that specific area should have knowledge about the boundary of the high crime area (Ferguson & Bernach, 2008, p.1586). According to Amar (1994), the Fourth amendment always calls for warrants and probable cause for any kind of police searches and exclusion of vehicle obtained illegally from any individual or group of people† (Amar, 1994, p.757). Carmen and Walker(2011), in their writing presented this case with analysis as how the fourth amendment was imposed on Wardlaw by the two police officer and whether it was justifiable or not. According to the

Crime and Punishment Essay Example for Free

Crime and Punishment Essay The saying that crime does not pay lies at the heart of a great deal of literature and many films. It appears in a large number of fairy tales and childrens story. This is to teach children from an early age that it is wrong to commit a crime, no matter how small, and that every criminal is eventually punished. Of course this is not true, many crimes, especially smaller crimes, are never punished. This can either be because no one has discovered a crime was committed or because there was no punishment fit for the criminal. For instance, because the criminal wasnt conscious of committing the crime (mentally retarded, been drugged etc), because he is a minor and has a clean record or even because he is dying or deceased. However the criminal can be punished by other members of society as well and/or instead of by law. This would be in the form of revenge. Then there is self-inflicted punishment. Criminals often feel guilty and this can drive them to depression, sometimes leading them to inflict physical pain on themselves or to commit suicide. If the criminal is Christian or Moslem, he will also have to endure the thought of going to Hell. If the criminal is Hindu or Buddhist, he will know he is destroying his chance for a good rebirth, dirtying and ruining his karma, which will cause him to suffer for lifetimes to come. Criminal acts might in the short run satisfy them or fill their pockets, will in the long run, from a spiritual perspective, hurt the criminal. Indeed, in the long term, and from the moral and ethical, psychological and spiritual points of view, it appears to be almost always true that Crime does not pay. Literature often portrays reality; therefore this moral is present a great deal. Examples of crimes that are punished more by psychological means appear in The Millers Tale in Geoffrey Chaucers The Canterbury Tales. This was written before the 15th Century yet it already refers to crimes that were not punished by law but indirectly by the general public. This tale is of a rich carpenter, his newly wed young wife, Alison, and his lodger. The carpenter is an old, jealous man who doesnt give his wife any freedom for the fear she will cheat on him. The lodger, Nicholas, is always after women and he soon flirts with the beautiful Alison. She soon falls in love with him and they decide to trick the carpenter so they can sleep together. Nicholas, who is fascinated by astrology, tells the carpenter that by studying the moon he  found out that in an hour there will be a great flood and the world will be drowned. The carpenter, who is sworn to secrecy, believes him and obeys his orders. He hangs up three kneading-troughs in the attic which are to be used as boats and at night the three of them get in their boats. The carpenter falls in a deep sleep after all his work so he doesnt know the two lovers have secretly gone downstairs to bed. However Absalon, a young parish clerk who is in love with the carpenters wife, hears that the carpenter hasnt been to work since Saturday. He uses this as an opportunity to tell Alison, through the bedroom window, of his love for her. After being told to leave, he agrees on the condition that she gives him one kiss. She consents but tricks him and he comes to learn that he has kissed a completely different part of her body. To take revenge, Absalon comes back with a hot iron and tells Alison he wants to give her a golden ring in exchange for another kiss. This time its Nicholass bottom that appears out of the window and is subsequently branded with the hot iron. His screaming awakens the carpenter who thinks the flood has started and cuts the rope tied to his tub. The boat falls and the carpenter breaks an arm and starts screaming that the world is flooding. Nicholas and Alison use this occasion to make him out as mad and for the rest of his life, nothing the carpenter says will chan ge this in the eyes of the public. He is treated as a reject but his wife is also mocked for being married to him. Notice that ever single character is punished by some means. The carpenter is mocked and cannot ever live a normal life again. He is forced to live with wife who betrayed him and will forever be considered a madman. It is clearly shown on page 106, that no one believed the carpenter: No matter what the carpenter asserted it went for nothing, no one was converted. He also has a broken arm and many bruises. His wife is also teased for living with him and has to endure the guilt of her criminal actions and their consequences. Nicholas is also humiliated and he is branded for life. Absalons punishment was being tricked into kissing Alisons bottom. He has to live with the shame of this and that he was rejected by Alison. The characters mentioned above all committed a crime: Alison committed adultery, Nicholas deliberately made Alison cheat on her husband and Absalon  also tried but failed. Nicholas and Alison furthermore lied to Absalon and the carpenter. They lied to the whole neighbourhood saying the latter was mad. Lying is not a crime that can be punished by law but it is still wrong. In Christianity and many other religions, it is thought of as a sin. It is to be debated whether Absalon also committed another crime: branding Nicholas with a hot iron. In doing this, Absalon was taking revenge for a crime that had been committed against him; a crime that would not be grave enough to be punished by law. By chance, Absalon was taking revenge on a character who had also committed other crimes. For this reason, the author might have excused Absalons drastic action against Nicholas and therefore given him the lightest punishment. According to the Chaucer, the carpenters crime was to marry a much younger and very beautiful young woman and then to forbid her of her freedom. He did not think of her feelings. Chaucer quotes at the bottom of page 89:A man should marry someone like himself; A man should pick an equal for his mate. Youth and old age are often in debate. However, he had fallen in the snare, And had to bear his cross as others bare.Here Chaucer already predicts that Alison is going to cheat on her husband. The carpenter fell in the trap and now he has to bear the consequences. Indeed, all the characters mentioned above committed a crime and quickly learnt that crime does not pay. They were all psychologically and often also physically punished. I wanted to see if the quote crime does not pay also applies in The shipmans tale. This tale tells of a kind, generous merchant who was married to a beautiful woman. This merchant was on very good terms with a monk, Sir John, and invited him to stay for dinner, some days before he was to leave on business. The monk stayed with them for a few days but one morning when he was speaking to Sir Johns wife, she poured out all her sorrows to him. She told him she wished she were dead and that she had no respect for her husband, she hated him, because he neglected her. She then asked the monk for a hundred francs so she could look smart and do my husband honour (page 162). The monk promised to lend her the money. However, he then privately  asked the merchant for the same amount using the reason that he wanted to buy some cattle. The merchant lent it to him and swore not to reveal the monks debt. When the merchant left, Sir John visited the wife and gave her the money in exchange for her keeping him company at night. The merchant then came back and asked the monk for his money but learnt from him that the money had already been returned to his wife. The merchant felt he had been rude and reprimanded his wife for not telling him the debt had been paid. His wife then explained the situation, cursed the monk for having broken his promise and told her husband she needed the money because he didnt supply her with enough. She asked for forgiveness. Her husband forgave her but asked her not to be so extravagant again (page 168). The obvious crimes here are adultery and breaking a promise. Both the merchants wife and Sir John are guilty of this. It is possible but unlikely, that the merchant committed the crime of not caring for his wife properly. The merchant is described as generous and though he might not always be at home with his wife, this is because he is earning money to support his wife and himself. However, he has the worst deal at the end of the tale: he loses hundred francs. The wifes punishment is that her secret is found out and she is shamed in front of her husband. It is not a heavy punishment but then she only cheated on her husband once. In addition, she has to live with the guilt of what she has done. Maybe she even has to sacrifice something in exchange for spending her husbands money on herself. Sir Johns only punishment is that he is now not regarded in the same light as before. He is also insulted by the merchants wife, but it is debatable whether this is a punishment as he did not have the humiliation of hearing himself be insulted. I think it is difficult to decide whether this moral also applies for The Shipmans tale. It depends who one thinks is guilty of committing a crime. The husband has learnt his lesson: to watch over his wife more closely. The wife learns she has done a foolish thing and will hopefully, for the merchant, now live a better life. However, not much ill seems to befall the monk. Of course, we could argue that he was only trying to help the merchant and his wife. He went too far in cheating on the merchant but he will presumably feel the consequences: his relationship with the merchant and his  wife will not be the same again. Therefore, I think the moral also applies for this tale, but it is not as obvious. I believe the moral that crime does not pay is present not only lies at the heart of a great deal of literature, but also in many films, comics and stories told by mouth. This is important as nowadays people no longer act morally only because they are afraid of God or of hell. Today, atheists are tolerated and many who are religious do not believe every word in the Bible, they no longer fear the word hell. Therefore, to keep society working peacefully, one needs to teach people to be morally good and to teach them that if they dont, they will be punished. Often, one is not punished for doing something morally wrong. This fact is often hidden, to encourage people to commit fewer or no crimes because they believe every crime will have a bad consequence. People, especially children, are taught this, often indirectly, through reading, watching films and hearing about personal experiences where the criminal eventually paid for his crime.

French and Indian War Essay Example for Free

French and Indian War Essay The French and Indian War altered the political, economic, and ideological relations between Britain and American colonies. Ideologically, this War brought up resentment toward Britain this changed the political relationship between Britain and its colonists because the British were forced to unfairly tax them due to their debt. The French and Indian war transformed North America by only leaving the British and the colonists left in their region. Greedy as the British were they did not treat the colonists fair by taxing them lead to resentment that lead to the American Revolution. After the French and Indian War, North America completely changed. Before 1754 English, French, Spanish, and the Russians had a portion of North America that they had power over. After 1763 the French were completely left out and had no land at all. (Document A) This impacted Britain and American colonists politically because it lead to the Proclamation of 1763 where Native Americans believed that the white people were not allowed to settle in their land that they had inhabited for hundreds of years. (Document .B) Britain thought that with the proclamation everything would turn out great, but it did not it just angered the colonists. They were angry because they believed they had no freedom. After the French and Indian War, England had to pay off a huge debt that had been accumulating over the years. The only way they saw to pay this was to regulate trade meaning that they would have fully control and know who and what they are trading with, and to tax everything. Britain made these changes and angered the colonists even more because the colonists felt it was not fair that all of a sudden they started taxing everything. (Document F) Taxation had a huge impact on the economic relationship between the colonists and their mother country because many of these acts forced the Americans to ship their raw materials to Britain, only to later buy the finished products from them. Mercantilism was soon abandoned when the colonists rebelled. An act that really angered the colonists was the Stamp act. Colonists furious of these taxations used boycotting as their weapon, they practiced non-importation and non-consumption. Although hurting the colonists and the British, the British soon came to realize that they were not messing around.(Document G) Colonists coming together and boycotting these acts had a huge impact on the British ideological values. The colonists felt that taxation was another thing that they should be mad at the British for. It added more stuff to what was already going on. The colonists were already mad about the Proclomation and just taxing everything did not make colonists happier. The colonists soon came to understand that they had little to no freedom which lead to the idea of becoming independent. Thinking that they could stand on their own. They don’t need the British. (Document D) The French and Indian war brought up resentment toward the british this changed the political relationship between Britain and the colonists because of the taxation that the British put on everything. Colonists began to change their mindset from being one whole colony to believing that they could stand on their own and become independent thus leading to the Revolution.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Hospitality Industry Tourism Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Hospitality Industry Tourism Essay Introduction Currently, the subject hospitality management is being offered by various colleges and universities all around the world. Students and graduates of hospitality management are becoming more and more in demand in hospitality industries all around the world. Hospitality management is the academic study of the hospitality industry. Hospitality courses prepare students to face the challenges of the corporate world. Hospitality management courses also provide all the training for the students to cope with the workloads of the hospitality industry. Other than that, these hospitality management courses also prepare students with leadership skills and qualities so that students have the right kind of qualities and attitude to cope in the corporate world later on. Hospitality management can be divided into various different disciplines such as culinary arts, hotel management, tourism management etc. Each different branch of this course prepares student and graduates to face the different challenges in different field of the hospitality industry. As hospitality grows into becoming one of the most important economic sectors in the world, more and more graduates of hospitality management is being demanded in to this fields. What is hospitality industry? Why is it becoming an important in the economic sector around the world? The dictionary definition of hospitality is the friendly reception and treatment of strangers. The hospitality industry consists of businesses and institutions involving food and beverage, tourism and all kinds of lodging establishments. The friendly reception and treatment of guests is the responsibility of the people who work in the hospitality industry. 1.1.1 According to statistics, Lodging is the seventh largest industry in the United States of America and food and beverage service is the fourth largest. Twenty-three cents of every dollar spent by a U.S. traveler are spent in a hotel and twenty-one cents are spent in a food and beverage establishment. This shows the importance of hospitality industry to a countrys economy. Almost half of every penny spent by a traveler is contributed to two of the largest establishment in hospitality industry. 1.2 Since we all know that there are very good opportunities and bright future working in the hospitality industry, but what are the advantages and disadvantages of working in the hospitality industry? 1.2.1 Servicing in the hospitality industry is subjected to personal interest. To people who are interested in social skills and interpersonal communication skills, they may find hospitality industry an interesting career field. This is because in hospitality industry, we are dealing with people, servicing people where almost all of them are strangers. A great deal of interpersonal communication skills are involved in this industry. This may be of an advantage or a disadvantage as not all people are born with fluency in interpersonal communication skills though it can be acquired through a great deal of training. 1.3 A career in the hospitality industry can provide one with responsibility, advancement, diversity and personal satisfaction. A career in the hospitality requires a great deal of responsibility due to the high amount of workload. Advancement in hospitality industry is so when opportunities are provided for employees to be promoted to a higher post in the industry. 1.3.1 As said earlier, hospitality industry is an industry which involves serving guests and customers who are strangers most of the time. This is meant by diversity in hospitality industry. Each day, employees of the hospitality industry face people who come from different part of the world; this proves the diversity of the hospitality industry. Other than that, people who are interested and have acquired skills such as interpersonal communication skills, they might achieve personal satisfaction working in this industry. 1.4 The hospitality industry is full of opportunities for great advancement provided one puts in a great deal of hard work. Hospitality industry can be divided into so many fields and branches. As stated earlier, hospitality industry is referred to as one of the fastest growing economic sector around the world. In hospitality industry, there are countless job opportunities offered to employees. From waiter at a restaurant to Chief Executive Officer (CEO) at large hotels, all of these jobs are classified under the hospitality line. Moreover, the hospitality industries nowadays are facing a serious problem on the lacking of human resources. More and more employees are needed in the hospitality industry. If one were to graduate with a degree in hospitality management subject, he or she will never have to worry about not getting a good job with good pay. 1.5 However, working in the hospitality industry brings some disadvantages too. Hospitality industry is known for its extended, odd and uncertain hours of operation. Most hospitality premises have to operate 24 hours per day, if any colleagues are on leave, others might have to extend their working time or work load in order to compensate the efficiency of work. For instance, ski or water sports resorts operate seasonally based on weather conditions. Some restaurants operate only during breakfast or lunch hours. Employees working under these sectors of the hospitality management have to cope themselves with the irregular working time. However, employees are human too; they need adequate rest time in order to maintain high work efficiency. There are cases where employees work over time just to compensate the work load of absent workers, they fell sick or ill. 1.6 Hospitality industry is also known for its tremendous workload. Employees working under the hospitality industry have to put in a great deal of hard work in order to cope up with the workload in the hospitality industry. However, if an employee graduates from any hospitality management sector, he or she will be trained to handle the workload that they might face when working in the corporate world later on. 1.7 Working under the hospitality industry allows one to gain a lot of skills which cannot be acquired through studying. Employees who worked under the hospitality industry have found to possess of effective communication skills, innovation, creativity, leadership qualities, critical thinking skills, decision making skills, negotiation and conflict management. If you consider the working routine and responsibility of one who work under the hospitality industry, you will find that these skills are relatively important for employees in order to serve the guests or customers well. From a front desk representative to a general manger in a hotel, they must at least possess of a few of the skills from the list above. Especially for those who work in the management level, they must possess of all the skills mentioned above so that he or she could lead the team well and also be a role model to his or her staff. 1.7.1 Working under the hospitality industry also enables employees to acquire a very important skill teamwork. Teamwork is one of the most well regarded qualities in the corporate world. In the hospitality industry, staff of the whole operation work as a team and this requires a great deal of teamwork. When employees and employers practice good teamwork and work together to handle big cases, the problem seems to be solved efficiently and effectively. CONCLUSION Hospitality industry is a fast growing sector and is economically important to the world. Tourism which is one of the fields in the hospitality industry shrinks the world by providing a more in-depth look at the enormity and complexity of international travel. Working in the hospitality industry has both advantages and disadvantages and is subjected to peoples point of view. It also depends on ones interest. As said earlier, people who have good interpersonal communication skills will find working in the hospitality industry an easy feat but to those who does not possess of good interpersonal communication skills, they would not like it in the hospitality industry. Question 2: Find out the factors affecting travel and tourism. Explain in detail. Introduction Travel and tourism is a very common term when it comes under hospitality management. At least 20 years ago, travelling is considered as a big deal to most people but now with the aid of modern transportation, travelling seemed to be an easy feat for everyone. Nowadays, with major airlines companies offering cheap fares and giving out various promotions, everyone can just travel to the destination of their choice at a relatively low price. This has indirectly affected the business of most tourism agency. More and more people can afford to travel to any destination of their choice without having to burn a hole in their pockets anymore. The government in Malaysia has also come out with various efforts or ideas to promote travel and tourism in the country. Travel and tourism is a high profitable sector to the countrys economy. The Malaysian government is putting great effort into making the country a tourism country. The annual Matta Fair is organized by government bodies to promote tourism in the country as well as attracting tourists from other countries. Other than that, the government also has promoted Malaysia in many of the international expos and has greatly raised the name of Malaysia to the world. Since travel and tourism is made such an easy feat for everyone nowadays, there are still some barriers that stop people from travelling or other factors that cause people to travel to that particular place regularly. Actually what are the factors that affect travel and tourism? What is travel and tourism? According to the World Travel Organization (WTO), travel and tourism is regarded as the activities of persons travelling and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purpose. Therefore, people who are considered travelers or tourists are those who are away from their normal place or residence for a period of up to one year in which they will return home after that, taking part in activities that would normally be associated with leisure and tourism and on a visit that is temporary and short term. 2.1. Determinants are those factors that influence one individuals decision-making process. In short, determinants are the factors affecting ones decision whether to travel or not. Determinants can be further subdivided onto two categories which are personal factors that influenced the tourist and external factors that influenced the tourist. 2.1.1 Personal determinants are one of the factors affecting tourists decision making. Personal determinants can be divided into four categories: Circumstances of the tourist such as the health, disposable income/savings, leisure time, work commitments and family commitments. Knowledge of tourist regarding the destination, availability of various tourist products and prices differences among competitive tourist products. Attitude and perception of the destination, tourism organization, political views, particular country and cultures, modes of travel, how advance to plan and book a trip and what constitutes value for money. Experience of types of holidays, different destinations, products offered among competitive tourism organizations, taking trips with particular individuals or groups and attempting to find discounted prices. 2.1.2 When the personal determinants are taken as whole for the entire population, it would represent a market opportunity for the tourism industry. For example, with the growing affluence of the workforce and pressure in the workplace, many people would look forward to a long weekend to take a short break or vacation. The need for tourists to take a short break from work is to stimulate and rejuvenate their energy. 2.1.3 Situational factors such as time, money, health or marketing influence can intervene, as a facilitator or as an inhibitor, in making travel decision. Tourists decisions are important as it directly affects the travel and tourism. Belk (1975) identified five types of situational variables which will affect tourist behavior and decision made: Physical surrounding includes weather, geographical location, dà ©cor, sounds, lights, aromas, tangible signs and display of products, and other materials. The sunny weather can be considered as part of the destinations physical surrounding. Social surrounding includes other people and their characteristics, roles, and interactions. The social network can provide information and can act as influencer in a choice for a particular travel destination. Crowding is another situational variable, where people from crowded cities may seek isolated places to spend their holiday for a rest and to be alone for a while. Temporal perspective includes the time period, time constraints, and elapsed or expected time. The time situation is important in tourism since many holidays are limited by duration of time. For example, holidays can only be taken during school holiday or during certain says when you go on an annual leave. Tourists also prefer to go for a holiday after a time elapsed since the last holiday travel. Task definition includes the orientation, intent role, or frame of a person where certain situational may become relevant. For example, one would decide on certain criteria to go for a vacation during different time period. Antecedent states is where a situation would shape the perception, evaluation, and acceptance of the current condition, such as a person receiving a bonus, may suddenly decide to go for holiday on a STAR cruise. 2.1.4 Social and cultural influences are other factor that affects the travel and tourism. Most of the social and cultural structures are pervasive and intangible in nature. However, most tourists are unaware of the influences of these structures, even if the structures are actually embedded in their travel decision making. One of the major social influences are groups including family members and relatives. Reference group can be defines as a collection of people that an individual use as a standard for his or her attitudes, beliefs, values and behavior development. For example, since many officemates will be spending their holidays in China, one may be aspire to join the group by deciding to go along to the holiday in China. Culture can be considered as a broad, impersonal reference group consisting of the knowledge, behaviors, customs, and techniques that are socially acquired or learned by an individual. It includes beliefs, values, norms, signs, habits and non-normative behavior. Thus, culture can influence the way an individual behaves as a consumer or as a tourist. For example, one of the promotional themes to promote Malaysia as a tourist destination is to exhibit Malaysia as a melting pot of various cultures that are found in Asia. Cultures also exist within overall culture and are known as subcultures. Those subcultures are groups based on region, race, language, religion, age, social class or other factors. The island of Bali in Indonesia has been prominently promoted as a cultural destination, based on religion. Social class is another example of subculture. Social class is a product of division in society on the basis of status and prestige. Education, occupation, wealth and income are some of the basis used to explain the belonging of one social class. Some tourist destinations tend to appeal to certain groups of social class of people. For example, the French Riviera is favored among the higher social class people. Places like Langkawi Island may attract people from all social classes, but people may differentiate classes once they arrive on the island by staying at different kinds of hotels categories. In some society in Indonesia, travelling abroad is considered as a social status and sometimes the connotation of Has Been Abroad or HBA is attached to the individual. 2.2 Apart from personal determinants that we have discussed earlier, there are also some external determinants that may affect consumer travel decision making. Some of external determinants are: 1. Views from friends and relatives 2. Marketing activities in the tourism industry 3. The influence from the media 4. National-level politics and factors like economy, social and technology 5. International-level politics and factors like economy, social and technology Most of these external determinants can be further subdivided into sub-factors: Political sub-factors: Government legislation and policy, like capital control restricting amount of money taken out of the country Immigration restrictions and visa requirements Civil disorder and terrorism Taxation policy, for example, airport tax, exit fees Media sub-factors Travel channel Holiday features reported on television, in newspaper, magazines and guidebooks. Non-travel channel news reported in national Geographic programs and in news programs Marketing activities: Marketing activities by national tourist organization Brochures from travel agencies Special promotions by hotels and other travel operators. The extent of the personal and the external determinants influence the tourist behavior depend on factors such as tourists personality and their lifestyle. Extrovert people are more likely to take account of the external determinant such as the views from friends and relatives while the introvert people prefer to rely on their own experiences. People who watch news regularly and are very much concerned about the world affairs may be influenced by those external determinants compared to those people who are not worried or do not know of the situation of that country, may not consider this external factor. Some of these determinants can either be a catalyst or a constraint to the tourists motivation and desire to travel. For example, high disposable income is a catalyst and low disposable income is a constraint. Travel brochure with glossy and rosy picture of a resort destination would attract potential tourist to visit, in contrast to a cheap looking flyer. Conclusion Tourists do not make rational decision based on perfect information. They might not realize most of the determinants, as mentioned earlier. There are tourists who are aware of the various determinants to be considered in the decision making, but choose to ignore these determinants. People tend to use other aspect of lie such as pressure and emotion, to dictate their travel decision. Most literature in tourism marketing noted that there are relatively long periods spent in travel decision making process, like thinking about the vacation, collecting information, and evaluating the alternatives. Currently there is a growing trend in the tourist industry of the last-minute purchase: decision to travel. Working people have a high desire to go for a short trip whenever there is an opportunity to do so and are more willingly to go to a less interesting destination if it is offered at a low price.